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PL-400: Microsoft Power Platform Developer Exam Questions's
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What is the focus of the PL-400 exam?
Developing, extending, securing, and integrating Microsoft Power Platform solutions.
What products make up Microsoft Power Platform?
Power Apps, Power Automate, Power BI, Power Pages (Bots), and Dataverse.
What is Dataverse used for?
Securely storing and managing structured business data for apps and flows.
What is a Dataverse plugin?
Custom .NET code that runs on Dataverse events such as create, update, or delete.
What is a custom connector?
A connector you build to call external APIs from Power Apps and Power Automate.
What does PCF stand for?
Power Apps Component Framework.
What is a PCF control?
A reusable custom UI component for model-driven or canvas apps.
What is the Dataverse Web API?
A RESTful endpoint for CRUD and metadata operations on Dataverse tables.
What are Web Resources?
Custom files (JS, HTML, images, CSS) used to extend model-driven apps.
What is the TDS endpoint?
A read-only SQL (TDS) endpoint for Dataverse for analytics tools.
What are solution components?
Apps, tables, columns, views, forms, flows, plugins, PCF controls, etc.
What is a managed solution?
A locked package for distribution that cannot be edited directly.
What is an unmanaged solution?
A customizable solution typically used in development.
What are environment variables?
Configurable values (URLs, keys) stored in solutions for ALM.
What is solution layering?
How overlapping customizations from multiple solutions apply in order.
What is the Plugin Registration Tool?
A tool to register assemblies, steps, images, and webhooks with Dataverse.
What are pre- and post-images in plugins?
Snapshots of record data before and after operation for plugin logic.
What is a synchronous plugin?
Code that runs within the transaction and can block/roll back the operation.
What is an asynchronous plugin?
Code that runs after the transaction completes in background.
What is a custom action in Dataverse?
A custom message to encapsulate business logic callable by clients.
What is a custom API in Dataverse?
Defines strongly typed request/response contracts for custom operations.
What is impersonation in plugins?
Executing code under another user’s security context.
What is ExecuteMultiple?
Batching multiple operations in one API call for performance.
What is service protection (throttling)?
Limits on API usage requiring clients to back off and retry.
What is a virtual table?
A table that surfaces external data without storing it in Dataverse.
What are calculated columns?
Columns whose values are computed from formulas and other fields.
What are rollup columns?
Columns that aggregate values from related records automatically.
What is ALM?
Application Lifecycle Management for moving and governing solutions.
What is Power Platform CLI (PAC)?
Command-line tool for packing/unpacking solutions and managing components.
What is a connection reference?
A solution-aware pointer to connector authentication for flows/apps.
What is Solution Checker?
Static analysis that flags performance, reliability, and security issues.
What is the Dataverse SDK?
Organization Service client libraries for .NET to access Dataverse.
What is a security role?
A set of privileges controlling access to tables and records.
Why use JavaScript in model-driven apps?
Client-side logic on forms, commands, and events.
What is Power Fx?
Low-code formula language used in Power Apps and Dataverse expressions.
What is a business rule?
No-code validation/action logic applied to forms and columns.
What is solution versioning?
Semantic versions to track releases (e.g., 1.2.3.0).
What is plugin sandbox?
Isolated runtime for executing custom code securely.
What is a webhook?
HTTP endpoint triggered by Dataverse events for integrations.
Bound vs unbound actions/APIs—what’s the difference?
Bound are scoped to a table; unbound are global.
What are alternate keys?
Unique columns used for lookups and upserts without GUIDs.
Why add tracing in plugins?
To diagnose behavior and troubleshoot failures.
What is change tracking?
Feature exposing incremental changes for sync/integration.
What is a solution patch?
An incremental update containing only changed components.
What is a model-driven form?
UI to view/edit a table record with fields and tabs.
What is the command bar (ribbon)?
Toolbar hosting standard and custom commands.
What is a canvas app?
Pixel-level designed app built with controls and Power Fx.
Model-driven vs canvas apps—key difference?
Model-driven are data-first; canvas are UI-first and flexible.
What is Application Insights?
Telemetry to track performance, errors, and usage.
Why OAuth 2.0 for custom connectors?
To secure API calls with delegated tokens.
How do you register a Create-step plugin?
Use PRT to add a Create message step with stage and filtering attributes.
How do you pass configuration to plugins?
Use secure/unsecure configuration strings and images.
How do you roll back a plugin transaction?
Throw InvalidPluginExecutionException to abort and roll back.
How do you debug plugins?
Attach to sandbox worker, use profiler, and add ITracingService logs.
How do you secure custom connectors?
Use OAuth 2.0, store secrets in environment variables/Key Vault, and policies.
How do you trigger Azure Functions from Dataverse?
Register a webhook or use Event Grid business events.
How do you design accessible PCF?
Support keyboard, ARIA, focus management, and high-contrast themes.
How do you offload heavy plugin work?
Move to async plugins or queue to Service Bus/Functions.
How do you implement optimistic concurrency?
Use If-Match with row version (etag) header.
How do you batch requests?
Use ExecuteMultiple or Web API $batch.
How do you reduce Web API payloads?
Use $select/$filter and pagination.
How do you use change tracking via Web API?
Enable it and consume delta links to fetch only changed records.
How do you protect data in PCF?
Respect dataset context and avoid exposing sensitive data.
How do you localize PCF?
Use RESX resources and user locale for strings.
How do you add a command bar button?
Use modern commanding (Power Fx) or ribbon tools to add commands.
How do you call a custom API from JS?
Use Xrm.WebApi.online.execute with the request object.
How do you call a custom API from flows?
Use 'Perform an action' Dataverse action with parameters.
How do you integrate with Service Bus?
Send messages from plugins/webhooks to queues/topics.
How do you implement retries in flows?
Enable retry policy or build Do-until loops with delays.
How do you handle 429 errors?
Apply exponential backoff and lower concurrency.
How do you monitor plugin performance?
Use tracing, timings, and Application Insights.
How do you secure portal Web API?
Require auth, table permissions, and validate requests.
How do you structure enterprise solutions?
Modularize by domain and use shared libraries and prefixes.
How do you avoid solution circular dependencies?
Split components and plan layering; use patches.
How do you create a virtual table provider?
Implement provider plugins and register data source/table mapping.
How do you minimize PCF bundle size?
Tree-shake and avoid heavy dependencies.
How do you send PCF telemetry?
Call a secured API that forwards to Application Insights.
How do you store secrets safely?
Use Key Vault or environment variables, never in code.
How do you unit test plugins?
Mock IOrganizationService and test business logic separately.
How do you automate deployments?
Use PAC CLI in DevOps/GitHub pipelines to pack/unpack/import.
How do you implement child flows?
Create solution-aware instant flows and call from parent flows.
How do you upsert via alternate keys?
Use key-segment URL with PATCH for upsert.
How do you handle large files?
Use File/Image columns or offload to Azure Blob Storage.
How do you avoid flow timeouts?
Break into child flows or use Azure Functions with queues.
How do you build connector policies?
Define IP filtering, header transforms, and throttling rules.
How do you measure flow throughput?
Use run history, admin analytics, or custom logs.
How do you distribute PCF widely?
Package in solutions and import across environments.
How do you migrate custom connectors?
Move via solutions with connection references and variables.
How do you enforce server-side validation?
Use synchronous plugins/custom APIs to validate data.
How do you implement feature flags?
Read config tables/environment variables in code.
How do you reduce query latency?
Add indexes, simplify joins, and select only needed columns.
How do you mitigate CSRF/XSS in portals?
Use antiforgery tokens, sanitize inputs, and CSP headers.
How do you federate portal identity?
Use Azure AD B2C/External ID with claims mapping.
How do you schedule background jobs?
Use scheduled flows or durable Functions timers.
How do you export auditing data?
Query audit logs and export to storage/Log Analytics.
How do you version solutions?
Semantic versions with documented upgrade steps.
How do you enforce zero-trust for devs?
MFA, least-privilege, PIM, and restricted access.
How do you use supported JS patterns?
Use Xrm APIs and avoid unsupported DOM manipulations.
How do you integrate with ERP safely?
Use robust connectors with retries/queues and SLAs.
How do you handle Web API pagination?
Follow @odata.nextLink until all pages are retrieved.
How do you architect scalable plugins?
Modular assemblies, minimal steps, and offload heavy work to async.
How do you build event-driven integrations?
Publish Dataverse events to Service Bus/Event Grid with idempotent consumers.
How do you keep consistency across services?
Use outbox/inbox, deduplication, and eventual consistency with retries.
How do you satisfy GDPR deletion?
Identify PII, anonymize/delete, and respect retention/audit policies.
How do you secure multi-tenant portals?
Use AAD B2C custom policies and strict table permissions per tenant.
How do you respect service limits at scale?
Batch, throttle, parallelize wisely, and distribute identities.
How do you correlate telemetry end-to-end?
Propagate operation IDs through clients, plugins, flows, and APIs.
How do you add Cognitive Search to Dataverse data?
Land changes to ADLS and index with Azure Cognitive Search.
How do you implement a robust virtual table provider?
Translate CRUD/queries to the external API and map keys correctly.
How do you secure custom APIs?
Require OAuth scopes/roles, validate tokens, and enforce RBAC/ABAC.
How do you manage ALM for regions/tenants?
Ship core solution + tenant overlays with variables and pipelines.
How do you build offline-first PCF?
Local cache, queued writes, and conflict resolution on sync.
How do you avoid secret exposure in clients?
Proxy calls via secure server APIs; never embed secrets.
How do you reduce memory usage in plugins?
Stream data, reuse services, and avoid large in-memory sets.
How do you modernize legacy integrations?
Wrap with Functions/connectors translating SOAP/ODBC to REST.
How do you do blue/green deployments?
Deploy to parallel env and switch via flags/URLs after validation.
How do you implement circuit breakers?
Track failures, open/close breaker, and back off with retries.
How do you implement SLA timers?
Timers in flows/plugins that alert/escalate on breach.
How do you secure portal Web API endpoints?
Validate antiforgery, restrict CORS, and enforce permissions.
How do you enforce least privilege at scale?
Custom roles, deny-by-default policies, and periodic reviews.
How do you plan DR?
Automated backups/exports, IaC, and tested restore runbooks.
How do you sanitize user content?
Whitelist, validate, and encode before storing/echoing.
How do you localize PCF at runtime?
Load resources per culture and update on locale changes.
How do you stream changes for analytics?
Use change tracking or business events to ADLS/Synapse.
How do you migrate big datasets?
Parallel batch upserts with alternate keys and pacing.
How do you partition high-throughput flows?
Split by entity/tenant/time and scale instances.
How do you secure cross-tenant integrations?
Separate app registrations and tenant-aware DLP policies.
How do you implement custom auditing?
Write detailed audit logs with actor, action, and correlation IDs.
How do you defend PCF against XSS?
Sanitize inputs and encode outputs; avoid unsafe HTML APIs.
How do you design telemetry dashboards?
Combine App Insights + admin analytics into Power BI with alerts.
How do you evolve schema safely?
Additive changes, backfills, and compatibility layers.
How do you run end-to-end tests?
Automated API/UI tests in sandbox with seeded data and teardown.
How do you onboard B2B guest users?
Limit roles, require Conditional Access, and audit sharing.
How do you validate webhook callers?
Verify HMAC signatures/timestamps and reject replays.
How do you ensure portal HA?
Scale out, use CDN, monitor health, and plan failover.
How do you build advanced portal search?
Use Azure Search with facets, synonyms, and ranking.
How do you meet data residency rules?
Deploy environments in-region and keep data flows local.
How do you secure file uploads/downloads?
Scan files, limit size/types, and use SAS tokens for Blob.
How do you mitigate cold starts?
Use Premium plans/Always On and keep-alive pings.
How do you design queue topologies?
Separate critical queues, add DLQs, and set retry policies.
How do you control telemetry volume?
Sample, aggregate, and send summaries instead of raw events.
How do you enforce data retention?
Scheduled purge jobs and archive per policy to ADLS.
How do you prove server-to-server identity?
Use cert credentials and validate audience/issuer claims.
How do you encrypt end-to-end?
TLS + encrypted-at-rest; payload encryption when needed.
How do you prevent privilege escalation?
Re-check record access on server and ignore client claims.
How do you load test connectors/APIs?
Use load tools with OAuth and track latency, errors, and throughput.
Which KPIs indicate platform health?
API success rate, latency, capacity use, failures, and MTTR.
How do you roll out features safely?
Canary releases, flags, staged rollout, and fast rollback.
How do you secure admin tooling?
Use PIM, MFA, RBAC, and audit admin actions.
How do you deprecate APIs/connectors?
Version endpoints, dual-run, communicate timelines, and retire.
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